Geothermal heat pumps need to determine the drilling depth of the well according to the specific situation, ranging from 50 to 400 meters deep, and some do not need to drill surface wells.
1. Horizontal geothermal heat pump: Using a closed heat exchange system buried horizontally 2-4 meters below the ground surface, it exchanges heat and cold with the ground. This type of system is suitable for buildings with small cooling and heating zones, such as villas and small individual buildings. The initial investment and construction difficulty of this system are relatively small, but it occupies a large area.
2. Vertical geothermal heat pump: The closed heat exchange system is buried in rock and soil at a depth of 50M to 400M by vertical drilling to exchange heat and cold with the ground. This type of system is suitablent to buildings with large cooling and heating areas and a number of open spaces around them, such as villas and office buildings. The initial investment of this system is relatively high and the construction is relatively difficult, but it occupies a small area.
Detailed information:
Benefits:
Significant environmental and economic benefits: When the geothermal heat pump unit is operating, it does not consume any water and does not pollute the water. , and does not require a boiler, there is no need for cooling towers or waste fuel storage sites, and the environmental benefits are significant.
The power consumption of geothermal heat pump units can be reduced by more than 40% compared to air source heat pumps; par compared to electric heating, it can be reduced by more than 70%. more efficient than gas boilers. It is increased by almost 50% and is 75% more efficient than gas boilers.
One machine has multiple functions and is widely used: geothermal heat pump system can provide heating, air conditioning and refrigeration, and can also provide domestic hot water systems, especially for buildings with both heating and cooling. requirements. Geothermal heat pumps have obvious advantages. Not only does it save a lot of energy.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Geothermal heat pump
Operating principle and use of cooling towers
The cooling tower is a heat dissipation device in refrigeration system, with two structures: fiberglass and concrete. Cooling towersFiberglass nt have the advantages of small footprint, high cooling efficiency and beautiful appearance, and are currently widely used.
There are many ways to classify cooling towers. According to the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water, they can be divided into ordinary type, medium temperature type and high temperature type according to noise; divided into ordinary type, low noise type and ultra low noise type according to the air inlet method can be divided into counter flow type and cross flow type according to the shape structure, it can be divided into square , round and ; rectangular. Figure 4-48 shows an ultra-low noise cooling tower with noise <60 dB(A).
Figure 4-48 Cooling tower
The type of cooling tower to be selected should be determined based on the cooling water volume of the refrigeration compressorigation, of the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet. water and the noise level to which it adapts.
(1) Cooling water volume
For cooling water volume between 100 and 500 m3/hFor small and medium-sized refrigeration compressors, towers counter-current cooling can be selected.
(2) The temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water
The temperature differences between the inlet and outlet water of the cooling tower are 5℃, 8℃ and 28℃, which should be selected according to the model. For double-acting bromine chillers, the temperature difference between the cooling water inlet and outlet is typically 6.5°C. For this type of model, a medium temperature cooling tower (the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet water is 8°C). must be selected. If a cooling water tower at bAs temperature is selected, the volume of cooling water must be calculated.
(3) Noise level
When selecting the noise level of the cooling tower, it should be determined according to the location of the cooling tower, that is to say of the type of adjacent zone. The specific positioning must be carried out through the environmental protection department. The assessment by the environmental protection department will be based on compliance with the “National Standards for Combating Noise in Industrial Enterprises”.
Basic Principles of Cooling Tower Operation A direct or open circuit cooling tower is a means of sealing the interior of the structure by spraying water in circulation through the upper fiberglass filling. . The filler offers a larger contact surface and achieves heat exchange thanks to the contact between the water and their. Then, a fan circulates the airflow in the tower, removing the hot airflow after heat exchange with the water, thereby achieving cooling.
The infill may consist of several wet surfaces, mainly vertical, over which the water spreads (fill) or side splash elements which create numerous small water droplets cascading over a larger area to form multiple layered films (splatters).
Indirect or closed-loop cooling towers do not involve direct contact between air and a liquid, usually water or a cooled glycol mixture. Unlike open cooling towers, indirect cooling towers have two independent fluid circuits. One is an external circuit in which water flows into a second circuit, which is the outer loop of the tube bundle (unopened coil) connectedto the hot fluid process to be cooled and returned in a closed circuit.
Air flows through cascading water drawn outside the heat pipe assembly, providing evaporative cooling similar to an open cooling tower. In operation, heat flows from the internal fluid circuit, through the walls of the coil tubes, to the external circuit and then to the atmosphere, heated by some evaporation of air and water.
The action of an indirect cooling tower is therefore very similar to that of an open cooling tower with one exception. This process cools the liquid in a “closed” circuit and is not directly exposed to the atmosphere or externally circulating water.
As the air in a counterflow cooling tower rises upward through the fill or tube bundle, the opposing water moves downward. In a cooling towercross flows, as air moves horizontally across the fill, water moves downward.
Cooling tower uses: mainly used in air conditioning cooling systems, refrigeration series, injection molding, bronzing, foaming, power generation, heat turbines. steam, aluminum profile processing, air compressors, industrial water cooling and other fields, with most applications for air conditioning cooling, refrigeration, plastic chemical industry.
Detailed information
Application scope of cooling tower:
Waste heat generated during industrial production or refrigeration process is generally used. Cooling water is directed away. The function of the cooling tower is to exchange heat between the watercooling carrying waste heat and air into the tower, so that the waste heat is transferred to the air and dispersed into the atmosphere.
For example: in a thermal power plant, the boiler heats water into steam at high temperature and high pressure, which causes the steam turbine to do work allowing the generator to produce electricity after the steam turbine. The work is discharged into the condenser, where it exchanges heat with the cooling water and condenses into water, then it is returned to the boiler for recycling.
In this process, waste heat from the exhaust steam is transferred to the cooling water, causing the water temperature to increase. The cooling water carrying the waste heat transfers the heat to the air in the cooling tower and is. discharged from the air duct into an atmospheric environment.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Tower of Cooledsement