What to do if the battery life of new energy electric vehicles is cut in half in winter
We must first understand that low temperature environments are very deadly to The batteries. Nowadays, lithium iron phosphate batteries, blade batteries and three-dimensional batteries are commonly used in electric vehicles. Lithium-ion batteries will reduce their activity as the temperature decreases. The specific manifestation is that the output potential of the battery is reduced and the ability to produce large current is weakened. At the same time, the SEI film covering the negative electrode of the battery is a passivation film produced when the electrolyte and the negative electrode material come into contact for the first time. This film can ensure that the negative electrode of the battery is not excessively corroded by the material. electrolyte, and at the same timemps allows lithium ions to enter and exit smoothly. As the temperature decreases, the activity of the electrolyte decreases and the resistance inside the battery increases, making it more difficult for lithium ions to pass through the SEI membrane.
At the same time, the use of air conditioning in winter will also lead to a reduction in the range of electric vehicles. Currently, there are generally two types of electric vehicle air conditioning configurations on the market. One is a resistance wire air conditioner, just like the hair dryer we use in our daily life. The other is a heat pump air conditioner, which uses a compressor to exchange heat from the outside environment to the car. Among them, the cost of resistance wire air conditioners is lower, so most models use this method. However, this method consumes more energy and is morelikely to overconsume battery power.
In addition, the cold environment in winter will also make the vehicle tires stiffer and the rubber lose its elasticity. As a result, the vehicle must consume more energy to move forward, which will cause battery power to decrease further. In fact, not only electric vehicles, but also the higher fuel consumption of fuel vehicles in winter have a lot to do with tire hardening. The rubber rebounds slowly, and the elastic potential energy is not completely released, so this part of the energy will be reflected in the energy consumption.
In fact, whatever the brand of electric vehicle, its power will decrease more or less in winter. What car owners should do is plan their trips better and pay attention to the remaining power of their vehicles in a timely mannercompared to summer. If there are charging stations downstairs in the community or company parking lot, try to charge when there is about 30% power remaining, as range in winter decreases more quickly than in winter. other times and there is a discrepancy between the power displayed on the dashboard and the actual power. There is another difference. Everyone should summarize their experience according to their own driving experience and replenish the battery in time.
What are the effects of using ternary lithium batteries at minus 20 degrees?
The advantages of ternary lithium batteries are : one size smaller and taller. capacity density High and low temperature resistance and better cycle performance, it is the mainstream of new energy passenger vehicles. Disadvantages: poor thermal stability, will decompose at 250-300°C and chemical reaction of ternary materials in bedhium is particularly strong. Once the oxygen molecules are released, the electrolyte burns rapidly under the action of high temperature, resulting in an explosion.
Ternary lithium battery, also known as "ternary lithium polymer", refers to a lithium battery using nickel-cobalt manganate or nickel aluminate. nickel-cobalt as positive electrode material. Ternary lithium batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles due to their smaller size, higher capacity density and lower temperature resistance. For example, the Tesla we know, all its models useUse ternary lithium battery.
The lifespan of a ternary lithium battery is 2,000 charge and discharge cycles. If you count one charge per day, it can last more than five years. However, in practice there is a differencence between usage and theory.
After 1,000 charge and discharge cycles, the ternary lithium battery has actually decayed by 50%, meaning it can only go half its original mileage after being fully charged. So how to avoid this situation? Charge it when you're using it and recharge it when it's off. Additionally, an excellent battery management system can also slow down the degradation of ternary lithium batteries.
When using Pacific Automotive Network, due to improper use, irreversible electrochemical reactions will occur inside the lithium battery, resulting in decrease in capacity, such as the decomposition of the electrolyte inside the battery, the loss of activity of the active materials inside the battery will directly cause a sharp reduction in the life of the ternary battery.thium.
Ternary lithium battery Ternary lithium polymer battery refers to a lithium battery with ternary cathode material using lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese or lithium-nickel-cobalt aluminate as cathode material. There are many types of cathode materials for lithium ion. batteries, mainly including lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium nickel oxide, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, etc. Batteries in which lithium iron phosphate is used as cathode material have a long charge-discharge cycle life.
However, its disadvantages are that there are large gaps in energy density, high and low temperature performance and charge and discharge rate characteristics, and the production cost is pupil. Lithium iron battery technology and applicationsphosphate were encountered. development bottlenecks; Lithium manganic acid batteries have low energy density, poor cycle stability and high temperature storage performance.
Many materials are receiving increasing attention and recognition by the industry due to their dual advantages in overall performance and cost, and are gradually surpassing iron phosphate and lithium and lithium manganate to become the dominant technological pathway. Ordinary material batteries have replaced the widely used lithium cobalt oxide batteries and are widely used in the field of laptop batteries.
2. Ternary lithium battery life According to national regulations, when the capacity of an electric vehicle battery decreases to less than 80% of the battery's new state, it can be considered as theend of battery. power battery life.
According to battery standards, the life of a ternary lithium battery is determined by the number of battery cycles, and the capacity of a ternary lithium battery will continue to decrease as as the number of charges and discharges increases. In the relevant laboratories, the ternary lithium batteries were continuously charged and discharged at a charge and discharge rate of 1 C. After 1,000 charge cycles, the battery capacity dropped to 80% of its new state. .
(Images/Text/Photos: Pacific Automotive Network Calling the Beast Q&A)