New energy materials and devices can be used for: 1. Solar panels 2. Lithium-ion batteries 3. Fuel cells 4. Supercapacitors 5. Photocatalytic materials.
1. Solar panel
1. The solar panel absorbs sunlight and converts solar radiation energy directly or directly by photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. The main material of most solar panels is “silicon”. However, due to its high production cost, its widespread use still has certain limitations.
2. Compared with ordinary batteries and recyclable rechargeable batteries, solar cells are more energy-saving and environmentally friendly green products. New energy materials such as silicon, copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS), perovskite, etc. can be used pto make solar panels. These materials can convert sunlight into electricity, producing an electric current through the photovoltaic effect.
2. Lithium-ion battery
1. The lithium-ion battery is a secondary battery that primarily relies on the movement of lithium ions between positive and negative electrodes to function. Common lithium-ion batteries include lithium batteries and lithium-ion batteries.
2. Lithium-ion batteries, widely used in electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, use new energy materials to improve the energy density and charging efficiency of the battery. For example, the cathode material of lithium ion batteries may be lithium manganate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium iron phosphate, etc.
3. Fuel Cells
Fuel cells use hydrogenene or other sources of hydrogen to react chemically with oxygen to generate electrical energy. New energy materials such as proton exchange membranes (PEMs) and catalysts are often used to manufacture important components in fuel cells to improve conversion efficiency and power generation.
4. Supercapacitors
Supercapacitors use new energy materials such as activated carbon, titanium dioxide nanotubes, etc., and have high energy density and fast charging and discharging characteristics. They are widely used in the field of energy storage and can be used for instantaneous generation and energy harvesting of power systems.
5. Photocatalytic materials
Photocatalytic materials have the ability to catalyze chemical reactions under irradiation with visible lightThe and can be used in areas such as photoelectrochemical water splitting for hydrogen production, air purification and organic wastewater treatment. For example, barium titanate, titanium dioxide, etc. are common photocatalytic materials.
Types of new energy vehicle batteries
Lithium battery is a kind of battery, while supercapacitor is a capacitor. Batteries and capacitors are two completely different electronic components. no What comparability. A fuel cell is a special type of battery. The energy storage material in a regular battery is stored inside the battery, while the energy storage material in a fuel cell is provided externally. Compared to ordinary batteries, a fuel cell does not need to be. charged, as long as it is supplied with fuel, it can workiller.
Lithium battery for car battery and supercapacitor wiring?
The main types of new energy vehicle batteries are: lithium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, fuel cells, lead-acid batteries, super batteries.container.
1. Lead-acid battery: Lead-acid battery has a history of more than 100 years and is widely used as a source of starting energy for internal combustion engine vehicles. It is also a mature electric vehicle battery with good reliability, readily available raw materials and cheap price.
2. Nickel-metal hydride batteries: Nickel-metal hydride batteries are alkaline batteries. Nickel-metal hydride batteries have a long life and do not have a memory effect, but they are more expensive.
3. Lithium-ion battery: as a new type of batterye rechargeable high voltage and high energy density, the lithium-ion secondary battery has unique physical and electrochemical properties and presents a wide range of prospects for civil and national defense applications.
4. Nickel Cadmium Battery: Cadmium Battery Nickel cadmium battery is second only to lead acid battery in its wide application. Its specific energy can reach 55 W·h/kg and its specific power exceeds 190 W/. kg. It can be charged quickly and has a long service life, which is more than twice that of lead-acid batteries and can reach more than 2,000 times. However, the price is 4-5 times higher than lead-acid batteries.
5. Sodium-sulfur battery: One is high specific energy. Its theoretical specific energy is 760 W·h/kg, which is in reality greater than 100 W·h/kg, or 3 to 4 times that of lead-acid batteries. The other is capable of discharger high current and high power. Its discharge current density can generally reach 200~300 mA/mm2 and it can release three times its inherent energy in an instant. Another advantage is the high charging and discharging efficiency.
Electric vehicle batteries:
Electric vehicle batteries are divided into two categories: storage batteries and fuel cells. Batteries are suitable for pure electric vehicles, including lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, lithium secondary batteries, air batteries and ternary lithium batteries.
Fuel cells are specifically used in fuel cell electric vehicles, including alkaline fuel cells (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cells (PAFC), carbonate fuel cells melted (MCFC) and fuel cellssolid oxide fuel (SOFC). , proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
We can say that installing supercapacitors on electric vehicles is redundant! For a supercapacitor to play its role there must be a voltage drop, but generally an unmodified street car will not experience much voltage drop during violent acceleration. If the battery is not good, it will only be 10V at most. Additionally, supercapacitors must be very large to be effective, and there are very few places they can be installed because they are too large.
This idea is good, but it is better to directly increase the battery capacity or add a set of batteries in parallel, which will have better effects.
If the effect is not sufficient, use a powerful lithium battery, which can discharge hundreds or thousands of amps at a ratehigh hme. I don't think it's enough for electric vehicles.