You cannot sell used batteries at a high price because others do not know your used condition. The battery is a thing that should only be used once, so it is better not to sell it.
Protective measures
Once the lithium battery cell is overcharged to a voltage higher than 4.2V, it will start to produce side effects. The higher the overload voltage, the higher the risk. Once the lithium battery cell voltage is higher than 4.2V, the number of lithium atoms remaining in the positive electrode material is less than half. At this point, the storage cells often collapse, causing a permanent loss of battery capacity.
If charging continues, since the storage compartment of the negative electrode has been filled with lithium atoms, subsequent lithium metal will accumulate on the surface of the negative electrode material. These lithium atoms will grow dendrites from the surface of the negative electrode towards the lithium ions.These metallic lithium crystals will pass through the separator and short-circuit the positive and negative electrodes. Sometimes the battery explodes before a short circuit occurs. This is because during the overcharging process, the electrolyte and other materials break down to produce gas, causing the battery shell or pressure valve to swell and rupture, allowing oxygen to escape. enter and react with lithium. The atoms accumulated on the surface of the negative electrode thus explode.
Therefore, when charging lithium batteries, the upper voltage limit should be set so that the life, capacity and safety of the battery can be taken into account same time. The ideal upper limit of the tCharging voltage is 4.2 V.
Lithium batteries must also have a lower voltage limit when discharging. When the cell voltage is lower than 2.4 V, some materials begin to be destroyed. And since the battery will discharge automatically, the voltage will decrease as it is discharged. Therefore, it is best not to stop discharging at 2.4V.During the period when a lithium battery is discharged from 3.0V to 2.4V, the energy released only accounts for about 3% of the battery's capacity. Therefore, 3.0 V is an ideal discharge cut-off voltage. When charging and discharging, in addition to voltage limitation, current limitation is also necessary.
When the current is too high, the lithium ions do not have time to penetrate the storage compartment and will accumulate on the surface of the material.
Once these lithium ions have obtained electrons, they will produce crystals of lithium atoms on the surface of the material, which is as dangerous as overcharging. If the battery case breaks, it will explode.
Therefore, the protection of lithium-ion batteries must include at least three elements: the upper limit of the charging voltage, the lower limit of the discharge voltage and the upper limit of the current. Generally, in a lithium battery, in addition to the lithium battery core, there will be a protective plate. This protection plate mainly provides these three protections.However, these three protections of the protection board are obviously not enough, and lithium battery explosions are still common in the world. To ensure the safety of the battery system, more careful analysis must be carried out on the causes of battery explosions.
Reference for the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia - Batlithium rie
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