Causes of battery capacity decrease:
1. Plate sulfide
① The lead sulfate present in the electrolyte will crystallize and attach to the plate
p. >②. The battery fluid level is too low and the upper edge of the plate is exposed and oxidized upon contact with the electrolyte, coarse-grained lead sulfate is produced, causing lead particles to form. upper part of the plate to be vulcanized.
③. The density of the electrolyte is too large, the discharge current is too large, and the temperature is too high, which intensifies the chemical reaction, and the lead sulfate produced is quickly deposited on the plate, which also promotes sulfation
< p>2. The phenomenon where a fully charged battery gradually loses power when not in use is called self-discharge. The main reasons for self-discharge:①. The plates or electrolytes conticontain impurities. A potential difference is generated between the impurities and the plates or between different impurities, which turns into a local battery. formed through the electrolyte, resulting in the discharge of local current.
②. The separator is broken, causing the positive and negative plates to short circuit.
③. There is electrolyte or water on the surface of the battery case, which becomes a conductor between the poles, causing the battery to discharge.
④. The active material drops too much and settles to the bottom of the battery, causing the plates to short out and discharge
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The essence of a lithium battery fire is that the heat in the battery cannot be released according to the design intention, causing the ignition of combustible materials inside and outsideer, then causing a fire. fire. The main reasons are external short circuits, high external temperatures and internal short circuits. Here are the specific reasons why lithium batteries are prone to fire:
1. Internal short circuit: due to battery abuse, such as dendrites caused by overcharging and overdischarging, impurity dust in the battery production process, etc. . This will deteriorate to the point of piercing the diaphragm and causing a micro short circuit. The release of electrical energy will cause the temperature to increase, and the chemical reaction of the material caused by the temperature increase will widen the short circuit path and generate a larger short circuit current. The mutual accumulation and mutual reinforcement of this damage can lead to thermal runaway, which is why the interior of the battery must be repaired.separated.
2. External Short Circuit: A long-term external short circuit will usually burn out weak connection points in the circuit and will rarely result in thermal runaway of the battery. It is necessary to replace the circuit connections.
3. High external temperature: Due to the structural characteristics of lithium batteries, various reactions generate a large amount of heat. The diaphragm melts, causing an internal short circuit, and the release of electrical energy increases heat production. Due to this mutually reinforcing, cumulative destructive effect, electrolyte is ejected, burns, and ignites, necessitating replacement of the diaphragm.
When using lithium batteries, do not break or puncture the battery, as this will damage the diaphragm. When charging, the current and voltage should not exceed the specified values, otherwise the lithium battery may takee fire. When charging mobile phones and pure electric vehicles, it is recommended to use original chargers.
Major automakers are constantly looking for ways to improve the safety of ternary lithium batteries. If used correctly, ternary lithium batteries remain very safe.
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