1. Lithium metal or lithium alloy and non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Lithium batteries can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal batteries and lithium ion batteries.
2. Lithium metal batteries generally use manganese dioxide as the positive electrode material, lithium metal or its metal alloy as the negative electrode material, and use non-aqueous electrolyte solutions.
3. Discharge reaction: Li+MnO2=LiMnO2.
How to distinguish lithium batteries from lithium polymer batteries?
Lithium metal batteriesandlithium ion batteries. Lithium metal batteries are generally non-rechargeable and contain lithium in metallic form. Lithium-ion batteries do not contain metallic lithium and are rechargeable. Lithium batteries, lithium-ion batteries ands lithium polymer batteries are different in principle
Lithium batteries and lithium ion batteries (polymers are also lithium ion batteries), lithium batteries are a type of lithium metal or lithium lithium alloy. anode material Due to the highly active chemical properties of lithium metal, the processing, storage and use of lithium metal meet very high environmental requirements. The negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery is an intercalated structure material such as graphite.
In the battery, lithium ions move between the positive and negative electrodes, making it much safer than lithium batteries. Let's talk about lithium-ion batteries and lithium-polymer batteries. The electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries is liquid and the electrolyte in polymer batteries is gel or solid.
Early research and development
Alternative batteriesithium were first used in pacemakers. Lithium batteries have the advantages of extremely low self-discharge rate and gentle discharge voltage, allowing pacemakers implanted in the human body to work for a long time without recharging. Lithium batteries typically have a voltage rating above 3.0 volts and are best suited for use as an integrated circuit power supply. Manganese dioxide batteries are widely used in calculators, digital cameras and watches.
What materials are needed for lithium batteries?
1. Lithium-ion batteries and lithium-polymer batteries can be distinguished on the battery packaging label. Lithium-ion Batteries Typically marked with the word Li-ion, lithium polymer batteries are typically marked with the word Li-Polymer, as shown below.At the same time, because the electrolyte of lithium polymer batteries is gel-like, there are fewer problems with electrolyte leakage, so most of them are aluminum-plastic soft packaging .
2. Lithium battery is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and uses non-aqueous electrolyte solution. It was invented by Edison. The reaction equation used by the battery is: Li+MnO2=LiMnO2. This reaction is an oxidation-reduction and discharge reaction. In the past, because the chemical properties of lithium metal are very active and the environmental requirements for processing, storage and use are very high, lithium batteries have not been used for a long time.
Lithium batteries are generally divided into two categories: lithium metal batteries andlithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries do not contain metallic lithium and are rechargeable. The fifth generation of rechargeable batteries, lithium metal batteries, was born in 1996. Its safety performance, specific capacity, self-discharge rate and performance-price ratio are all better than those of lithium-ion batteries.
3. Li-polymer battery (Li-polymer, also known as lithium polymer battery): Compared with previous batteries, it is a high-energy, miniaturized and lightweight chemical battery. In terms of shape, lithium polymer batteries have ultra-thin characteristics and can be made into batteries of different shapes and capacities to meet the needs of certain products. The theoretical minimum thickness of this type of battery can reach 0.5 mm.
Since most electronic products, such as digital cameras,mobile phones, laptops, etc., use lithium batteries, the author will briefly explain the principles of these batteries. Currently, the most commonly used batteries in laptops are lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. The reason is that lithium (Li) batteries are more dangerous when in use. We all know that lithium is a relatively active metallic element and is not very safe when used. It often burns and explodes while charging. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries add ingredients that can inhibit the activity of lithium elements. Its anode uses a carbon electrode that can absorb lithium ions. When discharging, lithium transforms into lithium ions and breaks apart. The anode of the battery, to the cathode of the lithium-ion battery. During charging, the lithium atoms in the cathode are ionized into lithium ions and electrons, and the ions readhium moves to the anode and combines with electrons to form lithium atoms. During discharge, lithium atoms are ionized from the anode surface in the graphite crystal into lithium ions and electrons, and lithium atoms are synthesized at the cathode. Therefore, in this battery, lithium will always appear as lithium ions and will not appear as metallic lithium. Of course, there will be no danger such as burns or explosions. Lithium ions move between the anode and cathode without changing the electrode itself. This is the essential difference between lithium-ion batteries and lithium batteries. As a result, lithium batteries are truly safe, efficient and practical, and old lithium batteries are also disposed of. The method to distinguish them is also quite simple: you can identify it by the battery label. The battery atlithium is labeled Li, while lithium ion battery is Li-ion. Now, so-called lithium batteries used in laptops and cell phones are actually lithium-ion batteries.
Lithium-ion batteries have advantages that other batteries cannot match: high operating voltage; small size, light weight, high load and wide allowable temperature range; current Small, no memory effect, no environmental pollution, etc., these determine its dominant status in laptop batteries.
Of course, lithium-ion batteries also have their own disadvantages, namely their high price, short charging times and inability to charge quickly, lack of interchangeability with dry batteries, their significant changes in operating voltage and discharge Speed is high, capacity decreases quicklynt and it cannot discharge with high current.
So for current batteries it is not possible to find a perfect solution, even if lithium-ion batteries can only do so relatively, some of their inherent advantages are more beneficial. move.
About the use of lithium batteries, let's talk about three aspects:
First of all, lithium batteries do not need to be charged for a unusually long time to activate, and this is not possible. The charging circuit is already protected, so there is no need to plug them in.
Second, activation of lithium batteries (effectively correction of the charge curve) usually occurs when they are first used, left unused for a long time or after frequent charging and use for a while. The method involves completely loading and unloading a fois, then the battery can be recharged immediately. Only after long-term use should it be fully charged, discharged and recalibrated. >
Finally, the lifespan of lithium batteries is mainly reflected in the charging cycle. In terms of discharge cycle, this cycle is an absolute concept, for example if you used 30% of the energy last time and fully charged it. the next time you use 70% of the energy and recharge it fully, it will be exactly one charge cycle, not two, so players who like to use the battery before recharging can do their own calculations. end of battery life