Let's take LiFePO4 as an example
E=E0-RT/zf*ln (aLi-ion*aFePO4/aLiFePO4)
Where FePO4 and LiFePO4 are solids and the activity is 1, the equation becomes
E=E0-RT/zf*ln(aLi-ion)
The voltage of the lithium battery is determined by the potential of the electrode. Voltage, also called potential difference or potential difference, is a physical quantity that measures the energy difference between charges in an electrostatic field due to different potentials. The electrode potential of lithium ions is about 3 V, and the voltage of lithium batteries varies depending on different materials. For example, the rated voltage of a general lithium battery is 3.7V, and the total voltage is 4.2V. The potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of a practical lithium battery cannot exceed 4.2 V. This is a requirement based on materials and. safety of use.
The lithium batteryof the cell phone should be tested for its capacity, voltage, internal resistance, lifespan, charge and discharge rate, etc. Battery test modules and shrapnel microneedle modules can be used to establish stability. current transmission and signal connection. It can transmit current between 1-50A, has stable current transmission, and can maintain reliable connection in small pitch areas, which is very stable.