Lithium batteries from electronic waste cause the most direct damage to humans and the environment. Once the electrode materials enter the environment, metal ions on the positive electrode of the battery, carbon dust on the negative electrode, and alkali and heavy metal ions in the electrolyte may cause a serious environmental pollution, including an increase in the pH value of the electrolyte. ground. If not handled properly, toxic gases may be produced. This is an environmental risk. Excessive cobalt content can cause intestinal disorders, deafness, myocardial ischemia and other symptoms in humans, which is a direct harm to the human body. This is one of the reasons why lithium batteries need to be recycled.
The value of lithium batteries: let's first understand the compositionmaterial situation of lithium batteries, which mainly includes: positive electrode materials, negative electrode materials, separators and electrolytes.
1. Among the positive electrode materials, the most commonly used materials are lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate and ternary materials (nickel, cobalt and manganese polymers) .
2. Among the negative electrode materials, the current negative electrode materials are mainly natural graphite and artificial graphite. Anode materials studied include nitrides, PAS, tin-based oxides, tin alloys, nano-anode materials, and other intermetallic compounds.
3. The separator material is mainly polyolefin separator based on polyethylene and polypropylene. In the structure of lithium batteries, the separator is one of the components inkey internals.