Will low temperatures affect the range of purely electric vehicles? Will low temperatures affect the range of purely electric vehicles? Because the activity of chemical materials in lithium storage batteries used in electric vehicles will decrease at low temperatures, resulting in a decrease in the capacity and voltage of the lithium battery and insufficient cruising range .
And since the temperature is low, people in the car will definitely turn on the heater. As soon as the heater is turned on, the car's power consumption will increase, which will naturally reduce the range of purely electric vehicles.
In fact, it's not just temperature that affects the cruising range of pure electric vehicles. There are too many objective factors that will affect the cruising range of pure electric vehicles.
Objective factors such as the driver's driving skills, vehicle speed, road surface, tires, etc. can affect the range of purely electric vehicles.
At this point, most batteries used in electric vehicles are lithium batteries. The advantages of lithium batteries are low temperature and low losses.
Lithium batteries can be divided into two categories, one is ternary lithium battery and the other is lithium iron phosphate battery.
The advantage of lithium iron phosphate batteries is that they have a longer lifespan than ternary lithium batteries. The downside is that it is too bulky and has a short battery life.
The characteristics of ternary lithium batteries are high energy density, large electrical capacity for the same volume and weight, good bat consistencyrie and mature production technology.
Do new energy vehicles last long in winter?
As the temperature drops in winter, whether it is a lead-acid battery or a lithium battery, the battery life and power will be affected to some extent. the power will obviously be insufficient.
Regarding lead-acid batteries: When the battery capacity is based on 25°C, the battery capacity will decrease by 1% for every degree the ambient temperature drops. When the temperature is below 5 degrees, battery life is reduced even further. Lithium batteries are also sensitive to low temperatures. When the temperature becomes low, the active materials in the battery are not broken down sufficiently, resulting in insufficient power and reduced lifespan.
But if we pay a little attention to the quObviously, the battery range of electric vehicles can still be improved to a certain extent in winter.
1. In winter, electric vehicles can usually only be charged to 70% before the light turns on. At that time, they can be properly charged for 1-2 hours, which is the charging time in winter. is recommended to be 8-10 hours, which can increase the storage capacity of the electric vehicle battery.
2. When riding in cold weather, pay more attention to the battery capacity. Need to charge in time, don't wait until the battery is completely exhausted before charging.
3. Charge it an hour after the ride. Because the temperature of an electric vehicle's battery will continue to rise while driving, the battery of an electric vehicle that has just been driven will be relatively hot. Immediate loading at this time will cause loss of internal materials ofe the battery. You can wait about an hour before starting charging to give the battery time to cool down.
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1. Lithium Battery Basics How It WorksAre lithium batteries used?
When the battery is charging, Li ions from the positive electrode and Li ions from the electrolyte gather towards the negative electrode, obtaining electrons which are reduced to Li and integrated into carbon. material of the negative electrode. During discharge, the Li embedded in the carbon material of the negative electrode loses electrons and enters the electrolyte, and the Li ions in the electrolyte move to the positive electrode. The more lithium ions returned to the positive electrode, the higher the discharge capacity.
Why does battery activity decrease when it's cold?
As the temperature decreases, the reaction of chemicals in the battery will slow down and the battery electrolyte will become more viscous (internal resistance increases), including lithium ions. The migration rate and conductivity of the material-even will deteriorate further, reducing battery activity, thereby affecting battery performance and capacity evaporation, which externally manifests itself as a decrease in the available capacity of the power battery. Under extremely low temperature conditions, the electrolyte may freeze and the battery cannot be discharged, which seriously affects the low temperature performance of the battery system.
2. The mystery of the disappearance of cruising range in winter
On-board heating
Winter range of electric vehicles The shortening, in terms simple, is due to two reasons: on the one hand, people are afraid of the cold, and on the other hand, batteries are also afraid of the cold. People are afraid of the cold, so they turn on the heating. The engine of a fuel vehicle generates a large amount of heat during operation, which is sufficientsuitable for use in a family car. As for electric vehicles, since the energy conversion efficiency can reach more than 90%, which is much higher than the 20-40% of the motor, there is less waste heat and additional energy needs to be consumed to warm the interior of the vehicle. car.
Battery performance
The activity of the battery will decrease in low temperature environments, and its charging and discharging efficiency will naturally decrease in result. The capacity of the battery in a low temperature environment is like a container containing water. When not in use, water will not run out. When the temperature drops and some of the water freezes, less water is available. During use, if the temperature rises, the ice will turn into water and can continue to be used. But if the temperature is still relatively low, theThe available water is only the unfrozen part. This is also one of the main reasons for the “disappearance” of cruising autonomy. In addition, if the temperature is too high or too low, it will also affect the energy recovery efficiency of the vehicle, and reducing the energy recovery will also affect the energy recovery to a certain extent.affects the cruising range of the vehicle.