MIT researchers are designing a stationary liquid metal battery capable of storing large amounts of electricity and are trying to make the product more economical. In addition to wind and solar power generation, liquid batteries are also becoming a new technology that people are gradually paying attention to. They could one day serve as a backup power source for hospitals. Currently, hospitals typically use large generators as their primary backup power devices. Don Sadoway, a researcher at MIT, said: "Because this battery is fixedly installed, it will not be used in cars or personal belongings, so we don't have to worry about issues such as avoidance collisions or human safety, and operating temperature does not. should be designed at a level close to body temperature. "This battery does notThere are no solid materials inside, and the cathode, anode, and energy storage components of the battery are all made of molten liquid. The research team has experimented with many different combinations of ingredients over the years. In the first design, liquid antimony and liquid magnesium were used in the electrode part, and the energy storage element was made of sodium sulfide. As for the test materials currently used, they are still in the confidential stage and cannot be disclosed. Due to different densities, several liquid metal materials will not mix with each other, but will have a layered structure like oil and water. The battery is housed in a stainless steel tank and held at 500 degrees so that the metal is liquefied. The final size of the battery has not yet been determined. "We can increase or decrease the size of the"It could be the size of a 33-gallon trash can, or the size of a football field." Marca Doeff said: “This battery is still in the design stage and we still have many technical issues to resolve. Researchers believe that this technology is still far from practical."
Lithium-based batteries are divided into lithium batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Mobile phones and laptops use lithium-ion batteries, commonly known as lithium batteries. However, true lithium batteries are rarely used in daily electronic products due to their high risk.
Lithium batteries are widely used in. energy storage systems such as hydro, thermal, wind and solar power plants, as well asyears of many fields such as power tools, electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, military. equipment, aerospace, etc. At present, lithium batteries have gradually expanded to electric bicycles, electric vehicles and other fields.
1. Lithium battery:"Lithium battery" is a type of battery that uses lithium metal or lithium alloy as the negative electrode material and uses a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. Lithium metal batteries were first proposed and studied by Gilbert N. Lewis in 1912. In the 1970s, M. S. Whittingham proposed and began studying lithium-ion batteries. Since the chemical properties of lithium metal are very active, the processing, storage and use of lithium metal are subject to very high environmental requirements. Therefore, lithium batteriesium will not last long have been applied. With the development of science and technology, lithium batteries have now become mainstream.
2. Materials:1), Carbon negative electrode materials
The negative electrode materials that have actually been used in lithium-ion batteries are mainly carbon materials, such as graphite artificial, natural. graphite, intermediate phase carbon microspheres, petroleum coke, carbon fiber, pyrolyzed carbon resin, etc.
2) Tin-based negative electrode materials
Tin-based negative electrode materials can be divided into two types: tin oxide and tin-based composite oxide. Oxides refer to oxides of metallic tin in various valence states. There are no commercial products.
3), nitrides
4), alloys
Including tin-based alloys, silicon-based alloys,germanium-based alloys, aluminum-based alloys, antimony-based alloys, magnesium-based alloys and other alloys, and there are no commercial products.
5), at the nanometric scale
Carbon nanotubes, nano-alloyed materials.
6), Nano-oxide
Currently, according to the latest market development trends in the new energy sector of lithium batteries in 2009, many enterprises have begun to use nano-titanium oxide and nano-silicon oxide added in the past. Traditional graphite, tin oxide and carbon nanotubes significantly increase the charge and discharge capacity and the number of charge and discharge times of lithium batteries.