What is a lithium-ion battery? Battery composed of lithium-oxygen compound as the positive electrode, negative electrode material (graphite, etc.), and organic solvent dissolved in lithium salt (LiPF6, etc.) as the electrolyte.
Lithium batteries can be roughly divided into two categories: lithium metal batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries do not contain metallic lithium and are rechargeable.
Lithium battery is short for lithium-ion battery. As a new type of energy storage battery, it gradually replaces the traditional lead-acid battery.
The most common batteries in daily life are cell phone batteries, electric vehicles and trams, and power tool batteries.
1) Appearance: cylindrical, square
2) Shell material: steel shell, steel shellaluminum, plastic shell, aluminum plastic film (flexible packaging)
3) Divided by energy density: capacity type, power type
4) Divided by electrolyte : liquid lithium-ion battery, solid lithium-ion battery (polymer)
5 ) From cathode material: lithium cobalt oxide (C), lithium manganate (M), lithium ternary (N), lithium iron phosphate (F)
Commonly used 18650 cylindrical batteries are, is a cylindrical battery with a diameter of 18mm and a height of 65mm.
The voltage of this type of battery is between 3.2 and 3.7. In daily use, it is often used in series and parallel connection to form a battery, as follows:
1. In the 1970s, Exxon used titanium sulfide as the positive electrode material and lithium metal as the negative electrode material to create the first lithium battery.
2. In 1980,J. Goodenough discovered that lithium cobalt oxide could be used as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.
3. In 1982, R.R. Agarwal and J.R. Selman of the Illinois Institute of Technology discovered that lithium ions have the particularity of incorporating graphite. This process is quick and reversible. At the same time, the safety risks of lithium metal batteries have attracted a lot of attention, so people have tried to use the characteristics of lithium ions embedded in graphite to make rechargeable batteries. The first usable lithium-ion graphite electrode was successfully produced by Bell Laboratories.
4. In 1983, M. Thackeray, J. Goodenough and others discovered that manganese spinel is an excellent cathode material with low price, stability and excellent lithium conductivity and conductivity. Its decomposition temperature is highhigh and its oxidation property is much lower than that of lithium cobalt oxide. Even in the event of a short circuit or overload, it can avoid the risk of burns and explosions.
5. In 1989, A.Manthiram and J.Goodenough discovered that a positive electrode using polymer anions would produce a higher voltage.
6. In 1991, Sony released the first commercial lithium-ion battery. Later, lithium-ion batteries revolutionized consumer electronics.
7. Padhi and Good in 1996. Enough discovered that phosphates with olivine structure, such as lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), are more superior than traditional cathode materials and therefore have become the current mainstream cathode materials.
With the widespread use of digital products such as mobile phones and laptop computers, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in these products due to their exgood performance and gradually expand into other product application areas. In 1998, Tianjin Energy Source Research Institute began commercial production of lithium-ion batteries. Traditionally, people call lithium-ion batteries lithium batteries, but the two batteries are different. Lithium-ion batteries have become commonplace.
UN3480 must conform to the packaging instructions for PI965, and UN3481 must conform to the packaging instructions for PI966 (packaged with the device) or PI967 (lithium battery installed in the device).
Lithium batteries with different numbers have different packaging. The UN3480 is just a simple lithium-ion battery with no other requirements, while the UN3481 must be installed in the device or packaged with the device.
Development process
In 1970, M.S. Whittingham of Exxon usedlized titanium sulfide as the positive electrode material and lithium metal as the negative electrode material to make the first lithium battery.
In 1982, R.R. Agarwal and J.R. Selman of the Illinois Institute of Technology discovered that lithium ions have the property of being incorporated into graphite. This process is quick and reversible. At the same time, the safety risks of lithium metal batteries have attracted a lot of attention, so people have tried to use the characteristics of lithium ions embedded in graphite to make rechargeable batteries. The first usable lithium-ion graphite electrode was successfully produced by Bell Laboratories.